Everything about The Bicesse Accords totally explained
The
Bicesse Accords, also known as the
Estoril Accords, laid out a transition to multi-party
democracy in
Angola under the supervision of the
United Nations'
UNAVEM II mission.
President José Eduardo dos Santos of the
MPLA and
Jonas Savimbi of
UNITA signed the accord in
Lisbon, Portugal on
May 31,
1991. UNITA rejected the official results of the
1992 presidential election as rigged and renewed
their guerrilla war.
Negotiation
UNITA and the Angolan government began six rounds of negotiations in April 1991. The
Portuguese government mediated the discussion while officials from the U.S. and
Soviet governments observed.
Treaty terms
The Angolan government and UNITA formed the Joint Verification and Monitoring Commission and the Joint Commission on the Formation of the Angolan Armed Forces. The JVMC oversaw political reconciliation while the latter monitored military activity. The accords attempted to demobilize the 152,000 active fighters and integrate the remaining government troops and UNITA rebels into a 50,000-strong
Angolan Armed Forces (FAA). The FAA would consist of a national army with 40,000 troops, navy with 6,000, and air force with 4,000. The
Lusaka Protocol of 1994 reaffirmed the Bicesse Accords.
Further Information
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